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# 基于现有my.cnf的MySQL主从复制配置指南
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## 📋 当前配置状态
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✅ **67机器（主库）**: `/etc/my.cnf` - 无主从配置，需要添加
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✅ **68机器（从库）**: `/etc/my.cnf` - 无主从配置，需要添加
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✅ **数据状态**: 两个数据库的`hzdyjs_xg`表模型和数据已一致
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---
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## 🚀 快速配置（推荐使用脚本）
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### 方法一：使用自动化脚本（最简单）
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#### 步骤1：在主库(67)执行
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```bash
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# 1. 进入部署脚本目录
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cd /Users/wuzilong/work/00code/hzdyjs_xg/docs/部署文档/生产环境双机部署方案/部署脚本/
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# 2. 赋予执行权限
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chmod +x setup-mysql-replication.sh
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# 3. 执行主库配置
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./setup-mysql-replication.sh
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```
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**脚本会自动完成：**
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- ✅ 在`/etc/my.cnf`末尾添加主库配置
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- ✅ 重启MySQL服务
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- ✅ 创建复制用户`repl@172.16.0.68`
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- ✅ 显示`SHOW MASTER STATUS`输出
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**⚠️ 重要：记录输出的binlog信息**
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```
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File: mysql-bin.000001
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Position: 154
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```
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#### 步骤2：在从库(68)执行
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```bash
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# 1. 进入部署脚本目录
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cd /Users/wuzilong/work/00code/hzdyjs_xg/docs/部署文档/生产环境双机部署方案/部署脚本/
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# 2. 执行从库配置
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./setup-mysql-replication.sh
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```
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**输入步骤1记录的binlog信息：**
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- `MASTER_LOG_FILE`: 输入File值（如：`mysql-bin.000001`）
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- `MASTER_LOG_POS`: 输入Position值（如：`154`）
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#### 步骤3：验证配置
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```bash
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# 在从库执行
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mysql -u root -p -e "SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G" | grep -E "Slave_IO_Running|Slave_SQL_Running|Seconds_Behind_Master"
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```
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**正常输出：**
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```
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Slave_IO_Running: Yes
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Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
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Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
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```
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---
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## 🔧 手动配置方法（如果脚本执行失败）
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### 主库(67)手动配置
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#### 1. 编辑主库配置文件
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```bash
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vi /etc/my.cnf
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```
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**在文件末尾（`[client]`段之后）添加以下配置：**
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```ini
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# 主从复制配置
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server-id = 1
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log-bin = mysql-bin
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binlog-format = ROW
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binlog-do-db = hzdyjs_xg
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expire_logs_days = 7
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max_binlog_size = 500M
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# 性能优化配置（减少主从复制对主库性能影响）
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# 使用性能优先方案，性能影响约1-2%
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sync_binlog = 0
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binlog_cache_size = 2M
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max_binlog_cache_size = 512M
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```
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**完整的67机器my.cnf应该是：**
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```ini
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[mysqld]
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# 基础配置
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port = 3306
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default-storage-engine = InnoDB
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datadir = /iflytek/mysql/data/mysql
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log-error=/iflytek/mysql/log/mysqld.log
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socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
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pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
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lower_case_table_names = 1
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character-set-server = utf8mb4
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collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
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# 安全优化
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ft_min_word_len = 1
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symbolic-links=0
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# 内存配置（核心）
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innodb_buffer_pool_size = 20G
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innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 16
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innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size = 128M
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key_buffer_size = 256M
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# I/O配置
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innodb_log_file_size = 2G
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innodb_log_buffer_size = 256M
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innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
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innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
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innodb_io_capacity = 2000
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innodb_io_capacity_max = 4000
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# 连接配置
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max_connections = 1000
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thread_cache_size = 100
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back_log = 500
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table_open_cache = 4096
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table_definition_cache = 4096
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# 查询优化（关键调整）
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join_buffer_size = 8M
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sort_buffer_size = 8M
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read_buffer_size = 2M
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read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
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tmp_table_size = 1G
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max_heap_table_size = 1G
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# 网络配置
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max_allowed_packet = 256M
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net_buffer_length = 16K
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wait_timeout = 300
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interactive_timeout = 300
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# 高级配置
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innodb_file_per_table = ON
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innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
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innodb_read_io_threads = 8
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innodb_write_io_threads = 8
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innodb_page_cleaners = 8
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# 监控日志
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slow_query_log = ON
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slow_query_log_file = /iflytek/mysql/log/slow.log
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long_query_time = 2
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log_queries_not_using_indexes = OFF
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performance_schema = ON
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# 主从复制配置
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server-id = 1
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log-bin = mysql-bin
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binlog-format = ROW
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binlog-do-db = hzdyjs_xg
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expire_logs_days = 7
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max_binlog_size = 500M
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# 性能优化配置（减少主从复制对主库性能影响）
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sync_binlog = 0
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binlog_cache_size = 2M
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max_binlog_cache_size = 512M
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[mysql]
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default-character-set = utf8mb4
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[client]
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default-character-set = utf8mb4
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socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
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```
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#### 2. 重启MySQL服务
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```bash
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systemctl restart mysqld
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sleep 5
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# 检查MySQL是否正常启动
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systemctl status mysqld
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```
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#### 3. 创建复制用户
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```bash
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mysql -u root -p <<EOF
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CREATE USER IF NOT EXISTS 'repl'@'172.16.0.68' IDENTIFIED BY 'Repl@123456';
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GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'172.16.0.68';
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FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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SHOW MASTER STATUS;
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EOF
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```
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**⚠️ 重要：记录输出的`File`和`Position`值**
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---
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### 从库(68)手动配置
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#### 1. 编辑从库配置文件
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```bash
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vi /etc/my.cnf
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```
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**在文件末尾（`[client]`段之后）添加以下配置：**
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```ini
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# 主从复制配置
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server-id = 2
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relay-log = mysql-relay-bin
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read-only = 1
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replicate-do-db = hzdyjs_xg
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```
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**完整的68机器my.cnf应该是：**
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```ini
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[mysqld]
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# 基础配置
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port = 3306
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default-storage-engine = InnoDB
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datadir = /iflytek/mysql/data/mysql
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log-error=/iflytek/mysql/log/mysqld.log
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socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
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pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
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lower_case_table_names = 1
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character-set-server = utf8mb4
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collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
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# 安全优化
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ft_min_word_len = 1
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symbolic-links=0
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# 内存配置（核心）
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innodb_buffer_pool_size = 20G
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innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 16
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innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size = 128M
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key_buffer_size = 256M
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# I/O配置
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innodb_log_file_size = 2G
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innodb_log_buffer_size = 256M
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innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
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innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
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innodb_io_capacity = 2000
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innodb_io_capacity_max = 4000
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# 连接配置
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max_connections = 1000
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thread_cache_size = 100
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back_log = 500
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table_open_cache = 4096
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table_definition_cache = 4096
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# 查询优化（关键调整）
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join_buffer_size = 8M
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sort_buffer_size = 8M
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read_buffer_size = 2M
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read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
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tmp_table_size = 1G
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max_heap_table_size = 1G
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# 网络配置
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max_allowed_packet = 256M
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net_buffer_length = 16K
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wait_timeout = 300
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interactive_timeout = 300
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# 高级配置
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innodb_file_per_table = ON
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innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
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innodb_read_io_threads = 8
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innodb_write_io_threads = 8
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innodb_page_cleaners = 8
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# 监控日志
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slow_query_log = ON
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slow_query_log_file = /iflytek/mysql/log/slow.log
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long_query_time = 2
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log_queries_not_using_indexes = OFF
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performance_schema = ON
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# 主从复制配置
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server-id = 2
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relay-log = mysql-relay-bin
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read-only = 1
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replicate-do-db = hzdyjs_xg
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[mysql]
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default-character-set = utf8mb4
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[client]
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default-character-set = utf8mb4
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socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
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```
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#### 2. 重启MySQL服务
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```bash
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systemctl restart mysqld
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sleep 5
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# 检查MySQL是否正常启动
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systemctl status mysqld
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```
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#### 3. 配置主从复制
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```bash
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# 替换下面的值为主库的实际值（从主库SHOW MASTER STATUS获取）
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MASTER_LOG_FILE="mysql-bin.000001" # 替换为实际值
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MASTER_LOG_POS=154 # 替换为实际值
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mysql -u root -p <<EOF
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STOP SLAVE;
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CHANGE MASTER TO
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MASTER_HOST='172.16.0.67',
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MASTER_USER='repl',
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MASTER_PASSWORD='Repl@123456',
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MASTER_LOG_FILE='$MASTER_LOG_FILE',
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MASTER_LOG_POS=$MASTER_LOG_POS;
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START SLAVE;
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SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
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EOF
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```
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---
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## ✅ 配置验证
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### 1. 检查从库复制状态
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```bash
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mysql -u root -p -e "SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G" | grep -E "Slave_IO_Running|Slave_SQL_Running|Seconds_Behind_Master|Master_Host|Master_Log_File"
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```
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**正常输出：**
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```
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Slave_IO_Running: Yes
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Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
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Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
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Master_Host: 172.16.0.67
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Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
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```
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### 2. 测试数据同步
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```bash
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# 在主库插入测试数据
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mysql -u root -p hzdyjs_xg -e "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test_replication (id INT PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(50));"
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mysql -u root -p hzdyjs_xg -e "INSERT INTO test_replication VALUES (1, 'test');"
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# 等待1秒
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sleep 1
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# 在从库查询测试数据
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mysql -u root -p hzdyjs_xg -e "SELECT * FROM test_replication;"
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# 如果能看到数据，说明主从复制正常
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# 清理测试数据
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mysql -u root -p hzdyjs_xg -e "DROP TABLE test_replication;"
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```
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---
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## ⚠️ 配置说明
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### 主库配置参数说明
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- **`server-id = 1`**: 主库唯一标识，必须与从库不同
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- **`log-bin = mysql-bin`**: 开启binlog，文件名前缀为mysql-bin
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- **`binlog-format = ROW`**: 使用ROW格式，数据一致性最好
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- **`binlog-do-db = hzdyjs_xg`**: 只记录hzdyjs_xg数据库的binlog
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- **`sync_binlog = 0`**: 性能优先，不强制同步binlog到磁盘（性能影响约1-2%）
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- **`expire_logs_days = 7`**: binlog保留7天
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### 从库配置参数说明
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- **`server-id = 2`**: 从库唯一标识，必须与主库不同
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- **`relay-log = mysql-relay-bin`**: relay log文件名
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- **`read-only = 1`**: 从库只读，防止误操作
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- **`replicate-do-db = hzdyjs_xg`**: 只复制hzdyjs_xg数据库
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---
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## 🔍 常见问题排查
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### 问题1：从库IO线程未运行
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```bash
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# 检查网络连通性
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ping 172.16.0.67
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telnet 172.16.0.67 3306
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# 检查复制用户
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mysql -u root -p -e "SELECT user, host FROM mysql.user WHERE user='repl';"
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# 查看详细错误
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mysql -u root -p -e "SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G" | grep -i "last_io_error"
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```
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### 问题2：从库SQL线程未运行
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```bash
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# 查看具体错误
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mysql -u root -p -e "SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G" | grep -i "last_sql_error"
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# 检查从库是否可写
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mysql -u root -p -e "SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'read_only';"
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```
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### 问题3：配置文件语法错误
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```bash
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# 检查配置文件语法
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mysqld --help --verbose | head -1
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# 查看MySQL错误日志
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tail -f /iflytek/mysql/log/mysqld.log
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```
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---
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## 📚 相关文档
|
||||
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||||
- [快速配置主从复制.md](./快速配置主从复制.md) - 3步快速配置指南
|
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- [MySQL主从复制配置步骤.md](./MySQL主从复制配置步骤.md) - 完整配置步骤和故障排查
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- [部署脚本/setup-mysql-replication.sh](./部署脚本/setup-mysql-replication.sh) - 自动化配置脚本
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---
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**📝 文档版本**: v1.0
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**🔄 最后更新**: 2025-01-27
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**✅ 适用场景**: 数据已一致的67/68机器主从复制配置
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||||
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||||
Reference in new issue
Block a user