diff --git a/backend/app/schemas/pl/vehicle_recharge.py b/backend/app/schemas/pl/vehicle_recharge.py
index ab67bcc2d..b76a69779 100644
--- a/backend/app/schemas/pl/vehicle_recharge.py
+++ b/backend/app/schemas/pl/vehicle_recharge.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from typing import Optional
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, field_validator
 
-RECHARGE_TYPES = {"etc", "fuel"}
+RECHARGE_TYPES = {"etc"}
 
 
 class VehicleRechargeApplyCreate(BaseModel):
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class VehicleRechargeApplyCreate(BaseModel):
     @classmethod
     def validate_recharge_type(cls, v: str) -> str:
         if v not in RECHARGE_TYPES:
-            raise ValueError("充值类型无效")
+            raise ValueError("本期仅支持 ETC")
         return v
 
 
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ class VehicleRechargeRecordCreate(BaseModel):
     @classmethod
     def validate_recharge_type(cls, v: str) -> str:
         if v not in RECHARGE_TYPES:
-            raise ValueError("充值类型无效")
+            raise ValueError("本期仅支持 ETC")
         return v
 
     @field_validator("amount")
diff --git a/backend/tests/test_vehicle_recharge_etc_only.py b/backend/tests/test_vehicle_recharge_etc_only.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3da8abe0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/tests/test_vehicle_recharge_etc_only.py
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+"""车辆充值模块收窄为仅 ETC。"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import pytest
+from pydantic import ValidationError
+
+from app.schemas.pl.vehicle_recharge import (
+    RECHARGE_TYPES,
+    VehicleRechargeApplyCreate,
+    VehicleRechargeRecordCreate,
+)
+
+
+def test_recharge_types_only_etc():
+    assert RECHARGE_TYPES == {"etc"}
+
+
+def test_apply_create_rejects_fuel():
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+        VehicleRechargeApplyCreate.model_validate(
+            {
+                "licensePlate": "鄂A12345",
+                "rechargeType": "fuel",
+                "applyDate": "2026-09-12",
+            }
+        )
+
+
+def test_apply_create_accepts_etc():
+    obj = VehicleRechargeApplyCreate.model_validate(
+        {
+            "licensePlate": "鄂A12345",
+            "rechargeType": "etc",
+            "applyDate": "2026-09-12",
+        }
+    )
+    assert obj.recharge_type == "etc"
+
+
+def test_record_create_rejects_fuel():
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+        VehicleRechargeRecordCreate.model_validate(
+            {
+                "rechargeDate": "2026-09-12",
+                "rechargeType": "fuel",
+                "amount": "100.00",
+                "licensePlate": "鄂A12345",
+            }
+        )