feat(duty): persist work plans and times; relax grab shift types

Map invalid HH:mm to DutyBizError, serialize workPlans/timeLabel from dict,
ensure dict items on save, and allow custom shift types on public grab.

Co-authored-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>

backend/app/api/duty.py

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from app.core.database import get_db
 from app.core.menu_guard import require_admin_or_super_admin
 from app.core.response import error_response, success_response
 from app.crud import user as user_crud
-from app.schemas.duty import DutyDaySaveBody, DutyLinkBody
+from app.schemas.duty import DutyDaySaveBody, DutyDictEnsureBody, DutyLinkBody
 from app.services import duty_schedule as duty_svc
 from app.services.duty_schedule import DutyBizError
 
@@ -73,6 +73,28 @@ def duty_user_options(
     return success_response(out)
 
 
+@router.post("/dict/ensure")
+def ensure_duty_dict(
+    body: DutyDictEnsureBody,
+    _user: dict = Depends(require_admin_or_super_admin),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    tenant_no = _user.get("tenant_no", "") or ""
+    user_id = _user.get("user_id") or _user.get("id", "") or ""
+    try:
+        data = duty_svc.ensure_dict_data(
+            db,
+            tenant_no=tenant_no,
+            dict_type=body.dictType,
+            label=body.label,
+            user_id=user_id,
+        )
+        db.commit()
+        return success_response(data, message="已保存")
+    except DutyBizError as exc:
+        return error_response(400, str(exc))
+
+
 @router.post("/day")
 def save_day(
     body: DutyDaySaveBody,